This case report outlines the social and environmental impacts caused by the operations of the Australian-owned Rapu Rapu polymetallic mine on Rapu Rapu island, the Philippines. It details the failure of two Australian companies — Lafayette Mining Limited and ANZ — to prioritise the local communities’ wellbeing over profits...This report seeks to ensure that lessons can be learnt from the Rapu Rapu mine case. Oxfam Australia has a number of recommendations for the current mine owners, Philippines regulatory authorities, the Australian mining industry, ANZ and other financiers of mining projects in developing countries, and the Australian government.