The proliferation of private security personnel in Afghanistan is inconsistent with the counterinsurgency strategy...Afghan warlords and strongmen operating as force providers to private security contractors have acted against U.S. and Afghan government interests...Failures to adequately vet, train, and supervise armed security personnel have been widespread among...private security contractors posing grave risks to U.S. and coalition troops as well as to Afghan civilians...Private security contractors...have failed to adequately vet their armed personnel...[and have] regularly failed to satisfy...essential training requirements...The Department of Defense contracted with companies...that appear to have had no prior experience providing security services...There have been significant gaps in U.S. government oversight of private security contractors in Afghanistan... [refers to Environmental Chemical, Arya Security, Compass Integrated Security Solutions, US Protection & Investigations, HEB, Assadullah Security, Golden State Group, Nasiri Construction, Supreme Group, Tundra SCA]