Billy M., a community activist from Fuleni, a small rural village in KwaZuluNatal’s King Cetshwayo District Municipality, has received threats from unidentified sources for about five years. In 2013, Ibutho Coal applied for rights to develop a coal mine in Fuleni that would have required the relocation of hundreds of people from their houses and farmlands, and would have destroyed their graveyards. During the environmental consultation processes, Billy M. led opposition to mining that culminated in a protest by community members in April 2016. The company reportedly abandoned the project in 2016. In 2018 it was reported that a new company, Imvukuzane Resources Ltd, is interested in mining at Fuleni. Opposition to mining has come at a high cost to Billy M. and other activists. On the night of August 13, 2013, Billy heard gunshots at the gate of his house. He did not know who was responsible for the shots and did not report the incident to the police because he was worried that the traditional leadership might have been involved. More recently, some community members warned him that he will be in trouble if he continues to oppose mining.