The Itaparica hydroelectric power plant occupied land belonging to the Pankararu indigenous people, but while others were compensated, they were not. They have lost land and access to the São Francisco river…further south, Ava Guaraní people living on the banks of the Itaipu reservoir…have become fish farmers to maintain their traditionally high fish consumption, given their growing population and the shortage of arable land…Since...1987, the native people have been pressuring the government to remove the non-indigenous farmers who have settled on the best land…Fish farming, promoted by the Itaipu Binacional company, has emerged as a food-producing alternative in the light of dwindling traditional fishing reserves and the limitations to agriculture...The support given by...Itaipu...to local indigenous people is an exception among hydroelectric plants. In addition to seeking development alternatives, it promotes sustainability in the river basins it manages with its “Cultivating Good Water” programme...