…The…report…addresses the situation of peoples…who do not have permanent relations with today’s predominant national societies…[T]here is a high and continuously growing demand for the natural resources found in their territories…This demand generates incursions of non-indigenous persons into their territories that put their existence at risk… Despite…legal protections, in practice the prohibitions on access to those areas are not always respected or enforced…One of the fundamental premises of the report is respect for these indigenous peoples’ decision not to have contact and their choice to remain in isolation…[M]ost incursions into their territories take place in the context of extraction of natural resources…This wide range of activities resulting in direct or indirect contact increases the possibility of transmission of diseases for which these indigenous peoples have no immunological defences…[The] report includes recommendations for those States with a presence of indigenous peoples in voluntary isolation or initial contact…