...The history of Indonesia’s land and natural resources is tied to the swings in the country’s political regime...In 1966, General Suharto successfully staged a military coup.  Under his presidency, Indonesia experienced the “New Order”.  A key aspect of this regime was trade and industrial expansion...This report tries to analyse how this development based on extractive, large-scale agricultural projects and industrial and infrastructure projects has impacted communities.  It also looks at the efforts made by the communities in mitigating the impacts faced by them and the results of these efforts.  The first section of the report provides an overview of the economic and political context and the legal framework that governs land based development in the country.  The second section provides the extent of land use change followed by the section on impacts.  Subsequent sections delve into strategies employed to mitigate these impacts and remedies achieved...