On 1st and 2nd November 2006, the Conference “Oil and the Future of Sudan” took place in Juba, Southern Sudan, at the initiative of New Sudanese Indigenous NGOs (NESI) Network and the European Coalition on Oil in Sudan (ECOS)...The interventions focused on the question how oil and its revenues can underpin the objectives of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement and contribute to peace and equitable development in Sudan. Key issues that emerged were the regulation of the social and environmental impact of the petroleum sector, compensation and reparation, transparency and accountability, security, participatory planning, and local development...Dr. Riek Machar, Vice-President of the Government of Southern Sudan [said:]...Environmental degradation as a result of oil activities needs to be tackled...The displacement of people in the oil fields, especially in Unity State and Melut, Longuchuk and Maban Counties in northern Upper Nile State is a major problem. [refers to Greater Nile Petroleum Operating Company (GNPOC), White Nile Petroleum Operating Company (WNPOC-1), PDOC (Petrodar operating Oil Company), Chevron, ASCOM Sudd Operating Company]