This year marks the fifth anniversary of the Montreux Document on pertinent international legal obligations and good practices for States related to operations of private military and security companies during armed conflict. Drafted with multi-stakeholder input and currently supported by 46 states and the European Union, the Montreux Document recalls existing international humanitarian and human rights law obligations of states with regards to the activities of private military and security companies, and elaborates good practices to assist states in meeting those obligations. The report, Montreux Five Years On, highlights the significant and ongoing challenges that participating states face in meeting their legal obligations and implementing the good practices. [3 Dec, Washington DC]