The publication “Clima S.A. – Soluções Baseadas na Natureza e Emissões Líquidas Zero”, by FASE, analyzes the context of COP26 in Brazil and discusses the role of Nature-Based Solutions (NbS) in achieving net-zero emission targets. It explores how actions such as forest, mangrove, and urban ecosystem restoration can help mitigate climate change and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, emphasizing that these strategies will only be effective if they integrate science, policy, and social and environmental justice. With an interdisciplinary and critical approach, the study argues that NbS must be implemented in a participatory and context-sensitive manner, combining knowledge from the natural and social sciences with coherent public policies. The goal is to foster dialogue on the potential of these solutions as concrete pathways toward a just, low-carbon transition aligned with global climate goals. We invited Vale to comment on the information mentioned in the report, and the company provided a response.