"Peru: Mining Conflicts Observatory in Peru – First Semester 2025 Report", June 2025

From the outset, one of the tasks undertaken by the Mining Conflicts Observatory has been to identify trends and significant shifts in social conflict linked to mining…

Social conflict is once again changing, and the most relevant conflict today in areas with a mining presence is the advance of this combination of illegal mining, informal mining, communal and artisanal mining, among others…

In the most recent social conflicts report by the Ombudsman’s Office, 197 conflicts have been identified…

The problems affecting our economy cannot be explained by an alleged excess of regulation; a small economy like Peru’s, extremely vulnerable to shocks in the global economy, has been stagnant for some time due to the inherent limitations of the development model that has been followed and an unfavorable external environment…

The path being pursued is extremely dangerous, and the announcements of new deregulatory shocks will only exacerbate tensions in the territories where investment projects are located, especially in sectors such as mining…

The monthly average of collective protest actions has remained above 200 over the last year (average from April 2024 to April 2025)…

These protests are diverse in nature and, although they do not escalate or remain sustained over time, they are clear evidence of widespread discontent in various territories and of a government that lacks the capacity to respond to these demands…

The recurring demands in these conflicts include: compliance with agreements and commitments undertaken by companies; health care related to alleged contamination, as well as remediation and compensation; protection of fragile ecosystems; respect for the right to self-determination and autonomy of Indigenous peoples, as well as compliance with the right to prior consultation; conflicts related to informal and illegal mining; among others…

According to the latest update of CooperAcción’s Geoportal (May 2025), mining concessions cover 19,985,472.64 hectares, representing 15.51% of the national territory…