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Renewable energy and human rights: Recommendations to companies

The renewable energy industry is at a crossroads: not only is it building the infrastructures of our future global energy system, it also has the potential to contribute to a fairer global economic order and shared prosperity for all in the energy transition. Ensuring respect for human rights, listening to the voices of rights-holders and their aspirations in renewable energy operations are essential conditions for sustainable wind and solar projects.

The 2025 briefing for the Renewable Energy and Human Rights Benchmark focuses on four deep dive issues (responsible mineral sourcing, Indigenous Peoples’ rights, shared prosperity and human rights defenders) and offers detailed recommendations.

Companies should also consider the following high-level recommendations to address risks of human rights harms in their operations:

Shared prosperity

  • Design and implement projects to deliver shared benefit and avoid harms to rights including through shared prosperity project models in careful deliberation with all members of affected communities, and on the basis of free, prior and informed consent (FPIC) for Indigenous Peoples, and respecting the values, needs and aspirations of communities.
  • Ensure decent work in line with ILO Fundamental Rights at Work and living wages for all workers.
  • Adopt strong just transition plans and comprehensive upskilling and retraining programmes for workers affected by the transition. Use leverage to advocate for governments to adopt just energy transition principles.
  • Adopt public, responsible corporate lobbying and political engagement policies that prohibit political contributions. Ensure alignment of business association membership with commitment to respect human rights, including positions on climate regulations.

Corporate duty of care

  • Adopt and implement public commitment to fully respect the rights of those affected by each operational stage of the wind and solar value chain and project cycle, including upstream sourcing of minerals, with particular attention given to Indigenous Peoples’ rights and their rights to FPIC and land rights, supported by oversight and expertise of board members.
  • Undertake both upstream and downstream human rights and environment due diligence with both a gender and conflict sensitive lens.
  • Commit to timely and effective remedy when having caused or contributed to human rights harms, and adopt grievance mechanisms accessible to all.
  • Deliver transparency in operations and supply chains with verified disclosure of suppliers and sites in case of severe human rights harm. Follow recommendations by the OHCHR and UNWG on business and human rights on analysis of severity of risks, leverage, and crucial nature of business relationships and potential termination of business relationships.

Fair negotiations

  • Ensure engagement and good-faith consultations with affected stakeholders feed into each step of the human rights due diligence process starting at the earliest possible project phase; put in place continuous engagement processes; ensure Indigenous Peoples can define the way by which their FPIC is achieved.
  • Guarantee workers’ freedom of association and right to collective bargaining with trade unions or equivalents.
  • Adopt a zero tolerance policy to protect human rights and environmental defenders from intimidation or violence to silence them and expect business partners to do the same.
  • Adopt a proactive approach to governance and transparency through clear commitment to zero tolerance for all forms of bribery, voluntary disclosures of national tax contributions and project-related payments and support to publication of contracts and licences.

Low-carbon transition planning

  • All oil and gas and electric utilities should make it a priority to develop and implement transition plans aligned with a 1.5°C scenario that include workers and affected communities
  • Oil and gas companies must adopt clear plans to cut fossil fuel production in the short-term, and stop exploration now.

More resources

Renewable Energy and Human Rights Benchmark 2025

Read the 2025 benchmark briefing report and explore company scores

Methodology

Read the benchmark methodology

Exploring shared prosperity: Indigenous leadership and partnerships for a just transition

Read our briefing, co-authored with Indigenous Peoples Rights International (IPRI)