In Laoka village outside Sen Monorom in Cambodia, Bunong community members allege that The Blue Circle’s Kouprey Windfarm has disrupted their “spirit forest,” a sacred site used to memorialise ancestors. Road construction linked to the project has already altered forested areas, with residents reporting the disappearance of monkeys, gibbons, and peacocks. Villagers indicate that the forest embodies collective beliefs and burial rites, meaning its disturbance threatens deep-rooted Indigenous cultural identity and spiritual practices in Mondulkiri province.

In Mondulkiri province, Cambodia, potential rights violations are associated with HK Oasis Power Energy, SchneiTec, Indochina Wind Power, and Leader Wind Energy. The main source of concern comes from Indigenous communities and conservation organisations, who highlight a lack of transparency and consultation around project details. HK Oasis Power Energy, linked to multiple Chinese state-backed developers, raises concerns due to its opaque structure and uncertainty over land use. SchneiTec, already criticised for building a controversial transmission line through the Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary, faces suspicion that its wind allocation could similarly cut into Indigenous or conservation zones. Indochina Wind Power, a subsidiary of Thailand’s TPC Power Holding, and Leader Wind Energy, a Malaysian-backed firm, both hold new Mondulkiri allocations with little public disclosure, creating fears among local residents that their projects may overlap with communal or agricultural land. While no direct violations have been confirmed, communities warn these developments could impact cultural land rights, traditional livelihoods, and fragile ecosystems if implemented without proper safeguards.