In October 2023, Amnesty released a report alleging exploitative working & living conditions for Nepali migrant workers at Amazon warehouses in Saudi Arabia, with many of the workers interviewed considered victims of human trafficking. The workers were employed by the labour supply companies Al-Mutairi Support Services and Basmah Al-Musanada. Basmah is a contractor of Al-Mutairi, which is contracted by Amazon. The workers were deceived by recruitment agencies in Nepal on the nature of their employment and charged high recruitment fees averaging USA 1500, with many taking out high interest loans to cover the fees. Workers still are struggling to clear their debts for these fees. Some recruitment agencies did not provide many of the workers with their employment contract and other paperwork until just hours before their flight to Saudi Arabia. Once in Saudi Arabia, they were cheated of promised pay (wage theft, including delayed and non-payment of wages), experienced unpaid overtime, and denied pay when sick. The workers also allege their salary was 'not much', and that staff employed directly by Amazon are paid more. Some workers said the companies would not reimburse them for medical care, restricting access to medicines. The workers also allege they were housed in poor and unsanitary living conditions without air conditioning/fans, despite high temperatures. Bedrooms were shared by 6 -12 workers, & there was a lack of water, food, and electricity. At work in the warehouses, workers describe being 'constantly monitored', having unfair production targets, and repeatedly lifting heavy items and being denied rest, leading to injury or/and illness. Their complaints to Amazon were ignored. Sometimes the complaints resulted in retaliatory measures by the labour supply company, including violence. Workers were arbitrarily dismissed by Amazon before the end of their contracts and workers were given no warning or explanation as to why they had been let go. Once their positions with Amazon ended, they remained tied to the supply company, housed in appalling conditions, without access to food and without money to buy water, and prevented from changing jobs or leaving the country. Their work is described as irregular with periods of 'joblessness'. Many of those who tried to leave Al-Mutairi said it would not provide them with flight tickets home or “exit papers” unless they paid a significant fine. Workers describe feeling suicidal.