In July 2025, French prosecutors launched a criminal investigation into X over allegations that its algorithm may have been manipulated for the purposes of foreign interference. The social media company denied the allegations and described the investigation as “politically motivated”.

In November 2025, the investigation was expanded to include allegations that X artificial intelligence tool Grok had generated Holocaust denial statements.

In January 2026, the Paris prosecutors expanded the investigation again to include the proliferation of sexually explicit deepfakes of women and minors generated using Grok. The company stated that it takes action against “illegal content” created with the tool and placed some restrictions in the image generation function of the tool.

In February 2026, the cybercrime unit of the prosecutor’s office raided the company's offices in France.