We are grateful to John Gerard Ruggie and John F. Sherman for engaging with our art icle.1 We share their objective of more firmly grounding businesses’ respect for human rights and agree that the 2011 United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (Guiding Principles) have already made a significant contribution to this end. We admire their ongoing commitment to promoting the Guiding Principles and businesses’ respect for human rights. We welcome the opportunity to respond to their Reply in this constructive spirit. In this Rejoinder, we focus on three main issues raised in their Reply. The first is the extent to which it is useful to consider the way that certain concepts are used outside the Guiding Principles in order to interpret and apply the Guiding Principles. The second is the extent of businesses’ responsibility for ‘contributing’ to adverse human rights impacts. The third is Ruggie and Sherman’s mischaracterization of our central argument.