A report presented to the Dutch governement on 9 July 2018 by the Human Environment and Transport Inspectorate (ILT) of the Netherlands found that producers of blend stocks and traders who blend gasoline and diesel for West Africa or heavy fuel oil for sea-going vessels fail to comply with European rules for chemicals. This can lead to fuel blends which represent a risk to human health and the environment, the report continues.The ILT has said it will monitor fuel trading more closely. The UN environment agency welcomed the report and urged other nations to follow suit.

In September 2016, the Swiss NGO Public Eye published a report alleging oil companies send low-quality fuels to Africa despite these carrying severe health and environmental risks (for our coverage of the report "Dirty Diesel", as well as company responses to the report see here).