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Article

6 Apr 2022

Author:
陳家偉,香港基督教工業委員會

中国:专家评论一例劳权诉讼案中反映的工作压力与工人精神健康问题

"一场差不多注定失败的官司:工作与精神健康"

这案件涉及一个刚满16岁不久的女孩子,[...]因疫情停学的初中生,从湖南家乡到广州,进入母亲工作的制造空调工厂工作,工作不到三个月,在工厂的宿舍跳楼自杀而受伤。 [...] 这当中还有另一个年青的女职工,也是在宿舍跳楼而亡。

工厂是一间中资著名的空调跨国企业,[...]公司实行强捍管制的管理模式,而且从女孩入职的9-11月这三个月期间,加班很厉害,每天工作10-12小时。公司辩称,公司是进行「综合计时工作制」,即一段时间可以超过正常工时,而另一段时间就减少工作时间。这是经地方政府批准。

案件初审,控方指出长工时、流水式工作的沉闷及强捍管理,控方称工作时收手机及管理层斥责工人,对一个16岁的少女,第一次离开家乡,出外打工,这一切都会损害年轻工人的精神健康。

[该案]反应了内地法庭如何处理工作压力和精神损害或疾病的关系。

[...]内地没有[...]认可专业人士作评估,也没有一个认可的法律程序作这样的评估,[…]从法庭的初审判词,法庭根本没有从工作和精神健康这角度思考女工自杀的问题。法官还用一个成年人的角度,看一个青少年的状况。法官[...]说:

原告已经年满16周岁,…… 有足够的能力面对生活或工作中的困难和挫折,也有能力对跳楼造成的损害作出准确的判断,……应对自己跳楼产生的后果承担责任。 [(2021) 粤0115民初21211号,页6-7]

「精神健康」或内地称「心理健康」在中国职业损害及疾病的法律都有提及,但是如何落实在具体法庭判决的考量中,如何建立一套专业而被认可的考量机制,则还有一段时间。

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