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Article

12 Jun 2024

Author:
工事有料

中国:外出务工者返乡困境折射劳工权益保障不足等结构性问题

“难以接近的故乡:外出务工者受阻的返乡路” 2024年6月12日

离乡背景出外打工是这一代代工人共同的经历。如今,看似经济发展了,中国已经建成了世界上最大的高铁路网,然而,打工人的返乡路依旧坎坷受阻。在2024年5月1日,广东梅大高速路面塌方,数十位返乡工人遇难。本篇文章试图分析工人们返乡的过程,越过单一事件看见工人殒命背后的系统性原因......

我们发现,在偶然的灾难背后,许多因素共同造成了返乡路途的坎坷,包括:无法落实带薪休假,使得劳动者们不得不选择集中在调休的公共假期出行返乡;城乡的割裂与户籍制度,使得两代人相隔两地而不得不在仅有的假期携家带口地探亲;公共交通业的发展对普通劳动者的忽视,使得工友返乡时被迫选择非正规、高风险的返乡方式;对于劳动者返乡的相关社会保障的缺失,使得灰色市场肆意发展,违规运营、欺诈、危险驾驶频发;事故发生后的舆论管控与限制,则使得社会监督无从谈起,后续的追责也无人关注......

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