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Article

5 Jun 2024

Author:
工事有料

中国:职校生实习劳动权益权益屡遭侵犯,多方压迫与制度缺陷引发关注

“职校学生实习的背后:低廉时薪、不被承认、层层压迫的困境” 2024年6月5日

长久以来,职校学生在实习过程中所遭受到的多重压迫,不仅仅来自于劳务中介与实习单位,更有学校的从中作梗。职校学生作为弱势的一方,即便有所作为,迫于层层的压迫,也只能忍气吞声。即便在2022年1月教育部等八部门联合印发了新修订的《职业学校学生实习管理规定》,以规范实习环境,但类似的新闻事件依旧层出不穷,因为职校生实习迄今仍未被承认为劳动者,无法获得劳动保障......

今年4月,云南新西南技工学校的学生在工厂实习,工资每小时23元,学生却只能拿到14元。学校说是劳务中介扣走了钱。钱最后去哪,不了了之......职校学生一天工作十一十二个小时的例子比比皆是,且实习工资普遍低于国家规定的最低工资标准......以各种手段压迫学生强制参与实习已是层出不穷,“扣押毕业证”“收走身份证”等手段已是惯用伎俩。郑州软件应用中等专业学校学生在接受媒体访问时揭露:“我们如果要辞工的话,就得先给学校交560块钱才可以走”......

在深圳实习的职校学生拍了一段短视频揭露学校的一些隐形克扣......虽然近年来相关法律法规的完善,让学校不再那么明目张胆地随意克扣学生们的工资,但“上有政策,下有对策”,学校用其余的隐形杂费从中克扣学生的工资以此牟利,如不合理的水电费、伙食费等......

劳动保障制度的刻意忽视也是导致此种情况发生的重要原因之一......如果在校生不符合建立劳动关系的年龄条件,那么劳动关系不成立。然而,即使在校生符合年龄条件,其在勤工助学的同时拥有“在校学生”的身份,工作活动属于脱产学业外的兼职性质,因而职校学生实习一般无法被认定为劳动关系。在此情形之下,职校学生无法受到劳动法的保护......不仅如此,职校学生还要遭受精神上的巨大压力......

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