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Article

18 Dec 2014

Author:
Eniko Horvath(译:周学谦), 企业与人权资源中心,
Author:
Eniko Horvath(译:周学谦), 企业与人权资源中心,
Author:
Eniko Horvath(譯:周學謙), 企業與人權資源中心

论坛第二天:有关企业尊重人权责任的公开对话回避了与落实相关的问题

在开幕的全会上,联合利华(Unilever)和雀巢公司(Nestle)被评为最佳示范。正如国际工会联合会(International Trade Union Confederation)的 Sharan Burrow所言:「我们需要复制联合利华总裁Paul Polmans的世界」,指出该总裁一直坚定地支持人权。雀巢总裁Paul Bulcke亦拥有同一信念及特别提到对话的重要性:「一个经济体或行业如要成功,它一定要正面地跟社会联系…当我们因某做法遭到批评时,需要动身与利益攸关者扣连。」这种对投入性及对话的开放态度在整天的会议上反映出来。

但这种态度在参加论坛的大企业中又是否主流?Mo Ibrahim正确地指出了论坛缺乏中小型企业的声音。虽然要雀巢公司及联合利华把人权政策整合于其广泛的供应链上有一定难度,但我们不可因此忽视国营企业及中小企以免他们成为漏网之鱼。不论企业的规模或影响力有多大,透明度都是披露企业行为的关键。

 国际工会联合会(ITUC)的 Sharan Burrow是这天会议上把现实情形带到讨论环节的其中一名与会者(全文见此处)。她提醒与会者大部分工人正面对「令人不安的工作条件及在卑微的工资上挣扎求存;他们甚至不能以工资有尊严地过活或养家。」在一个让人深刻的交流中,Sharan也断然地拒绝卡塔尔代表的介入,她指出卡法拉系统实际上是现代奴役,同时邀请该名代表在议题上作认真对话。

 下午一节继续有令人鼓舞的企业与公民社会之间的协作。淡水河谷公司(Vale)及人权监察组织(Human Rights Watch)讲述了它们在莫三比克与当地社区在重置问题上的合作经验;印地纺集团(Inditex)与IndustriALL工会阐述了其共同创立的全球框架同意书(Global Framework Agreement)以应对土耳其主要的劳工权益;雀巢公司丶帝国化学工业公司(ICI)及乐施会则谈及他们一起打击童工的理念和支持西非女性权益的经验。正如企业与人权资源中心的Phil Bloomer所言,每一个跨领域合作的例子都意味着各方一致的共识。这些公开对话都是会议所乐见的,但同时也要确保将来会有更多类似的实际合作。

 我们不能只把商业社群片面地看成一个整体,而要识别出独特的方法以把他们带到对话中。纵然《联合国指导原则》平等地适用於所有企业上(中小型企业丶国营/私有企业丶国内/跨国企业),但是我们需要帮助这些企业识别他们的责任以及履行责任。正如联合国企业与人权工作组的Michael Addo道:「我们已经说了很多,现在是时候实践。」

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