[T]he Kimberley Process Certification Scheme...is an international diamond certification scheme aimed at preventing the trade in so-called ‘conflict diamonds’ whilst protecting the legitimate diamond trade...This paper will start with a discussion regarding the legal qualification of the KPCS as an instrument of international law…the implementation process of legal instruments to stop the trade of conflict diamonds…[and] whether the diamond trade rules, stemming from the KPCS, can be found compatible with the rules of international trade as set by the World Trade Organisation