On 1 March 2024, the Court of the Judicial District of Guridi and Alcocer in Mexico declared human rights defender and indigenous leader Saúl Rosales Meléndez guilty of a murder that happened on 15 April 2022.

Meléndez is a human rights defender and President of the nahua community of San Pedro Tlalcuapan, state of Tlaxcala. He is known locally for leading the community assemblies and for his continuous work in defence of the Matlalcueyetl mountain’s forest -also known as La Malinche-, in face of the environmental damage caused by extractive activities in the area, including illegal logging.

On 4 September 2025, indigenous Nahua human rights defender Saúl Rosales Meléndez was released after the Second Collegiate Court of the Twenty-Eighth Circuit granted the amparo action and ordered his release from prison. The court judges determined that the Nahua leader's criminal responsibility for the crime of aggravated homicide could not be proven, and therefore ordered his immediate release.