On 20 April 2023, SOMO, PAX, and La Asamblea Campesina del Cesar por la Restitución de Tierras y el Buen Vivir filed an OECD complaint against RWE AG, Uniper SE, Engie SA, Vattenfall AB, HES International, Havenbedrijf Amsterdam NV, and Havenbedrijf Rotterdam with the Dutch National Contact Point (NCP).

The groups argue that the four electric utility companies with coal-fired power plants in the Netherlands and the three logistics companies involved in coal trade in the Netherlands failed to comply with the OECD Guidelines in the context of adverse human rights impacts associated with forced displacements in the Cesar mining region of Colombia.

From 1996 to 2006, residents of the mining region suffered from paramilitary violence - over 3,000 people were killed and tens of thousands displaced from their land. US-based Drummond and Swiss-based Glencore, the companies operating the coal mines, expanded the mining activities onto the land from which the displaced victims were forced to flee. The claimants argue that the victims still have not received redress and that human rights defenders opposing the project continue to be threatened or killed.

According to the complaint, European companies failed to take action to address these human rights violations despite knowledge of the abuses in their supply chains. The organisations claim that the energy companies were directly linked to and to this day contribute to the adverse impacts of forced displacement and unlawful expropriation of land.

RWE, Uniper and Vattenfall are members of Bettercoal, a coal buyer-led industry initiative working towards responsible global coal supply chains. However, the claimants argue that none of the actions taken by Bettercoal have been effective in actually mitigating the adverse impacts of forced displacement or decreasing the risk of impacts continuing.