After continuation of the Mountain Valley Pipeline was approved by the Biden admnistration in mid-2023, there was a wave of peaceful protests and civil disobedience actions, with close to 50 defenders being arrested in multiple counties in both West Virginia and Virginia, some facing charges ranging from trespass and obstruction to conspiracy and abduction. This includes Rachel Berkrot, Amelia Greenwald, Jordan Mays, Julie Dreamer, and others.

The Mountain Valley Pipeline is a gas pipeline spanning approximately 300 miles (480km) from northwestern West Virginia into southern Virginia in the United States. Environmental advocates have spent a decade fighting the construction of the pipeline, which started in 2018. The pipeline became operational on June 14, 2024.

In 2024, EQT Corporation became the majority shareholder and operator of the Mountain Valley Pipeline. EQT did not respond to requests from the Guardian to comment on allegations related to attacks on people protesting the pipeline.