Paulo Paulino Guajajara was an indigenous member of a group named the “forest guardians”, in charge of protecting the Amazon rainforest in the territory of Arariboia in the northeastern Brazilian state of Maranhao. On 2nd November 2019, armed loggers entered the territory and attacked those defending their territory. Laércio Souza Silva, another indigenous leader escaped seriously wounded, whereas Paulo Paulino Guajajara was shot and killed. This attack forms part of a systematic attack against indigenous peoples and their territories, encouraged by Bolsonaro´s government. Human rights organisations have spoken out about the illegal buying of land in several indigenous territories that form part of the Amazon, as well as increased conflict with loggers.