…[T]he FARDC - the National Army…now controls...[South Kivu] in eastern DR Congo. It is an area carpeted with minerals…which are used in the production of consumer durables and gadgets…Since 2006 there have been 2,883 recorded rapes in…Shabunda territory…[H]uman rights activist Papy Bwalinga Kashama [said] "The reason the military and [the FDLR] militia are fighting is to control the mines”…[Freelance miners] are now exposed to predatory militias and also the military…When they are not exacting local taxes, the gunmen move into the village and terrify the local population - stealing, killing and raping…Mabolia Yenga…who advises DR Congo's ministry of mines…believes that…a process of certification to ensure the mining does not fund violence - such as with the Kimberley process for diamonds - is long overdue.