In June 2008, the United Nations Human Rights Council unanimously welcomed the “protect, respect and remedy” policy framework…The Council also extended my mandate by another three years, tasking me with “operationalizing” the framework…[L]et me take this opportunity to step back a bit and provide a more strategic overview of what the mandate is trying to do, and why. I’ll begin by describing some of the key business and human rights challenges we are grappling with. Then I’ll explain why I have serious questions about the traditional ways of approaching these challenges. I conclude by noting the productive uses some actors have already made of the framework, in the hope that this will inspire us all to work together and conclude the next phase successfully.