Insufficient resources are dedicated to developing the new vaccines, diagnostics, and medicines that can address health needs in developing countries…Pharmaceutical companies do not prioritise R&D to address diseases of the developing world, due to lower financial returns…the WTO TRIPS Agreement…failed to boost R&D in pharmaceuticals to satisfy the needs of developing countries, and it provides monopolies to pharmaceutical companies that result in unaffordable prices for medicine…Three main barriers hinder progress:…Insufficient financing…; lack of bold and creative thinking about incentive mechanisms…; absence of coordination concerning R&D…[refers to Abbott, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, Genzyme, GlaxoSmithKline, Lupin, Ranbaxy, Roche, Wyeth]