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Briefings and reports

This section contains briefings and reports published by the Business and Human Rights Centre.

To see briefings in all our languages, switch ON the ‘Show all languages’ toggle at the top of the page or in the menu.

Transition Minerals Tracker: 2026 global analysis

Human rights abuses in transition mineral mining are surging at an alarming rate. We recorded 329 new allegations of abuse at cobalt, copper, iron, lithium, bauxite, manganese, rare earth elements, nickel and zinc mining projects in 2025.

Highlighted releases

COPINH

Navigating a global crossroads: Human rights defenders and business in 2025

We documented nearly 800 attacks against human rights defenders raising concerns about business in 2025 – more than two attacks a day on average.

George Kaguangi, flickr; BAKUMSU; Knut-Erik Helle, flickr; Sean Comiskey via Eyes on Rights, flickr, Fairphone

Justice in the transition: Litigating corporate abuse in the shift to clean energy for all

This year’s analysis of the cases in the Business and Human Rights Centre’s Just Transition Litigation Tracking Tool reveals a growing wave of litigation, with 95 cases across the world brought by rightsholders over human rights abuses in projects linked to the global shift to clean energy. These lawsuits are not a rejection of climate action; they are a demand for a truly just transition.

Commercial priorities, human costs: fashion brands' purchasing practices during the US tariff crisis

We monitored global media coverage, supplier disclosure and direct testimony from unions and worker organisations across garment producing countries to understand how brand and buyer responses to US tariff changes translated into labour impacts across supply chains.

BHRRC

Videos: Canadian companies in Colombia

Canada’s reputation on the global stage is based on high human rights standards and progressive climate action. Yet in Colombia, communities affected by the operations of these industries report a litany of human rights abuses. This documentary series explores the uncomfortable gap between Canada’s image and its impact abroad, asking what happens when profit is prioritised over people.

Shutterstock (licensed)

“We were treated as if we were machines”: Migrant workers powering Saudi Arabia’s energy transition

Testimony from 34 migrant workers employed on nine renewable energy projects in Saudi Arabia reveals a litany of alleged human rights abuses. This briefing analyses the public human rights commitments of 16 companies linked to these projects and sets out recommendations for the sector.

Pexels - Ketut Subiyanto

Hidden risk is the most expensive: What investors need to know about high-risk surveillance technology

Surveillance technologies such as spyware, digital forensics tools, cell site simulators, and deep packet inspection systems are often marketed as “must-have” tools to combat crime or terrorism. These technologies sit at the intersection of security, innovation, and rising government demand, making them appear to be attractive investment opportunities. Yet for investors, this sector carries severe, under-recognised risks.

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  • Shutterstock (licensed)

    2026 KnowTheChain food and beverage benchmark

    5 Feb 2026

    KnowTheChain's benchmark of 45 major food and beverage companies exposes an industry woefully ill-equipped for the rapidly intensifying human, legal, regulatory and financial consequences of forced labour in global supply chains.

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  • Pexels - Ketut Subiyanto

    Hidden risk is the most expensive: What investors need to know about high-risk surveillance technology

    28 Jan 2026

    Surveillance technologies such as spyware, digital forensics tools, cell site simulators, and deep packet inspection systems are often marketed as “must-have” tools to combat crime or terrorism. These technologies sit at the intersection of security, innovation, and rising government demand, making them appear to be attractive investment opportunities. Yet for investors, this sector carries severe, under-recognised risks.

    Read more
  • Shutterstock (licensed)

    Shrinking civic space, rising exploitation: How global fashion brands failed Myanmar’s garment workers under military rule

    17 Dec 2025

    From February 2021 to October 2024, the Business and Human Rights Centre tracked 665 allegations of garment worker abuse in Myanmar. These findings reveal systemic, escalating and interconnected abuses across the sector – including forced and excessive overtime, unsafe working conditions, wage deductions, gender-based harassment and retaliation against union members and worker representatives – since the military coup.

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  • Business and human rights in the United States: Four key trends in 2025

    18 Nov 2025

    This is a pivotal moment for US business. In a context of shifting political and regulatory landscapes, companies’ core human rights policies and commitments remain largely unchanged – but their responses to changing policies, regulations and rhetoric in the US paint a more alarming picture.

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  • Shutterstock (licensed)

    Strategic projects for whom? Challenges and local realities of the European Union's strategic mineral projects

    17 Nov 2025

    The European Commission approved 60 "strategic" mineral extraction, processing, recycling and substitution projects in 2025 under the mandate of the Critical Raw Materials Act. We examined the human rights policies and practices of the companies behind the 13 projects located outside EU borders.

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  • Instituto Cordilheira

    Transition minerals, old inequalities in Brazil: Mining, justice and the climate agenda at COP30

    4 Nov 2025

    Brazil is at a crossroads as it seeks to solidify its climate leadership at COP30. For the country to truly assert legitimate climate leadership, it needs to ensure that COP discussions centre human rights, environmental justice, and a commitment to fully remedy historical injustices and harms. Joint briefing by Instituto Cordilheira and BHRRC.

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  • Shutterstock (licensed)

    Transition Minerals Tracker 2025: Asia and the Pacific

    23 Oct 2025

    Since 2010, the Transition Minerals Tracker has recorded 835 allegations of human rights and environmental abuse linked to the extraction of key minerals needed to power the global energy transition. In the Asia-Pacific region, notable cases of abuse have arisen over the last 14 years. As the world races to meet ambitious climate goals, they are looking to mineral-rich countries in Asia-Pacific to provide the elements needed to power a “fast” transition to renewable energy.

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  • Shutterstock

    Transition Minerals Tracker 2025: Africa

    7 Oct 2025

    Since 2010, the Transition Minerals Tracker has been recording allegations of human rights and environmental abuse linked to the extraction of key minerals needed to power the global energy transition. Nearly 200 allegations were linked to the mining of transition minerals in Africa, accounting for more than 20 per cent of all abuse allegations globally.

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  • Shutterstock (licensed)

    “We were treated as if we were machines”: Migrant workers powering Saudi Arabia’s energy transition

    2 Oct 2025

    Testimony from 34 migrant workers employed on nine renewable energy projects in Saudi Arabia reveals a litany of alleged human rights abuses. This briefing analyses the public human rights commitments of 16 companies linked to these projects and sets out recommendations for the sector.

    Read more
  • Shutterstock (licensed)

    Renewable energy and human rights benchmark 2025

    17 Sep 2025

    The Renewable Energy and Human Rights Benchmark assesses and scores the human rights policies and practices, as well as low-carbon transition planning efforts, of 35 leading companies across the renewable energy supply chain. This year's analysis reveals renewable energy companies across all categories have made some progress on salient human rights risks for the sector – although crucial gaps remain.

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