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Briefings and reports

This section contains briefings and reports published by the Business and Human Rights Centre.

To see briefings in all our languages, switch ON the ‘Show all languages’ toggle at the top of the page or in the menu.

Transition Minerals Tracker: 2026 global analysis

Human rights abuses in transition mineral mining are surging at an alarming rate. We recorded 329 new allegations of abuse at cobalt, copper, iron, lithium, bauxite, manganese, rare earth elements, nickel and zinc mining projects in 2025.

Highlighted releases

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Navigating a global crossroads: Human rights defenders and business in 2025

We documented nearly 800 attacks against human rights defenders raising concerns about business in 2025 – more than two attacks a day on average.

George Kaguangi, flickr; BAKUMSU; Knut-Erik Helle, flickr; Sean Comiskey via Eyes on Rights, flickr, Fairphone

Justice in the transition: Litigating corporate abuse in the shift to clean energy for all

This year’s analysis of the cases in the Business and Human Rights Centre’s Just Transition Litigation Tracking Tool reveals a growing wave of litigation, with 95 cases across the world brought by rightsholders over human rights abuses in projects linked to the global shift to clean energy. These lawsuits are not a rejection of climate action; they are a demand for a truly just transition.

Commercial priorities, human costs: fashion brands' purchasing practices during the US tariff crisis

We monitored global media coverage, supplier disclosure and direct testimony from unions and worker organisations across garment producing countries to understand how brand and buyer responses to US tariff changes translated into labour impacts across supply chains.

BHRRC

Videos: Canadian companies in Colombia

Canada’s reputation on the global stage is based on high human rights standards and progressive climate action. Yet in Colombia, communities affected by the operations of these industries report a litany of human rights abuses. This documentary series explores the uncomfortable gap between Canada’s image and its impact abroad, asking what happens when profit is prioritised over people.

Shutterstock (licensed)

“We were treated as if we were machines”: Migrant workers powering Saudi Arabia’s energy transition

Testimony from 34 migrant workers employed on nine renewable energy projects in Saudi Arabia reveals a litany of alleged human rights abuses. This briefing analyses the public human rights commitments of 16 companies linked to these projects and sets out recommendations for the sector.

Pexels - Ketut Subiyanto

Hidden risk is the most expensive: What investors need to know about high-risk surveillance technology

Surveillance technologies such as spyware, digital forensics tools, cell site simulators, and deep packet inspection systems are often marketed as “must-have” tools to combat crime or terrorism. These technologies sit at the intersection of security, innovation, and rising government demand, making them appear to be attractive investment opportunities. Yet for investors, this sector carries severe, under-recognised risks.

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220 results

  • Shutterstock (licensed)

    Transition Minerals Tracker: 2024 Global Analysis

    16 May 2024

    Our annual analysis highlights the urgent need for a just energy transition based on three core principles: shared prosperity; robust human rights due diligence and worker, community and defender rights protections; and fair negotiation between business, workers and communities.

    Read more
  • Syndi Pilar, Shutterstock (licensed)

    People power under pressure: Human rights defenders & business in 2023

    7 May 2024

    We recorded 630 instances of attacks against people raising concerns about business-related harms in 2023. This is part of a consistent, ongoing pattern of attacks against HRDs protecting our rights and planet globally, with more than 5,300 attacks recorded since January 2015.

    Read more
  • Shutterstock

    Fuelling injustice: Transition mineral impacts in Eastern Europe & Central Asia

    30 Apr 2024

    Previously neglected in global analyses of transition minerals, the EECA region is becoming a new hotspot for transition mineral extraction and supply – primarily due to abundant reserves of these minerals now critical to a fast transition to clean energy. However, new research reveals that between 2019 and 2023, more than 400 allegations of abuse were linked to the development, extraction and processing of 20 transition minerals in the region.

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    Taking CTRL: Pathways to effective tech investor engagement

    24 Apr 2024

    Effective engagement and collaboration between civil society and investors is crucial in the fight for digital rights and corporate accountability. Lessons from the experiences of activists, civil society organisations and tech investors.

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  • BHRRC

    Switched off: Tech company opacity & Israel’s war on Gaza

    18 Apr 2024

    We invited 104 technology companies operating in or providing services to the Occupied Palestinian Territory and Israel to respond to a survey on transparency and heightened human rights due diligence in the context of Israel's war on Gaza.

    Read more
  • Shutterstock

    Big tech in Africa: Insights for investors

    25 Mar 2024

    Investors may not expect there to be serious legal, operational or reputational risks linked to the tech sector outside of the United States or the European Union. This assumption, however, is becoming outdated. This briefing highlights the salient human rights risks relating to the tech sector in Africa and links them to material risks.

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  • Myanmar Garment Worker Allegations Tracker: Three years of military rule

    31 Jan 2024

    1 February 2024 marks three years since the military takeover of Myanmar. Since then, we've recorded hundreds of attacks on garment workers’ human rights both in their workplaces and on the streets. We examine allegations of abuse tracked over the past year and responses from international buyers alongside testimony from workers.

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  • Shutterstock (licensed)

    A just transition for all: Key tools for a fast & fair shift to renewable energy in Latin America

    30 Jan 2024

    Latin America will play a key role in the transition to renewable energy. Civil society and grassroots organisations are critical stakeholders in bringing about structural change at both state and corporate levels to ensure this transition is both fast and fair. In this guide we explore some of the strategies – from investor engagement to strategic litigation - used by civil society and grassroots organisations to advocate for a just energy transition that rests on three core principles: shared prosperity, human rights and social protection, and fair negotiations.

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  • Shutterstock (licensed)

    2023 KnowTheChain Apparel & Footwear Benchmark

    11 Jan 2024

    KnowTheChain's latest assessment of 65 of the biggest apparel and footwear companies' efforts to address supply chain forced labour reveals companies remained largely reactive to human rights violations rather than evidencing robust, embedded human rights and environmental due diligence practices designed to prevent abuse.

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  • Shutterstock (licensed)

    International Migrants Day: Global analysis 2023

    13 Dec 2023

    Between December 1 2022 and November 30 2023, we recorded 613 human rights abuse allegations against migrant workers toiling in supply chains across the globe. Explore our data through this interactive webpage to see the types of threats migrant workers face, which industries benefit from abuse and which migration corridors are most dangerous for the workers who use them.

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